An infection is the name given to any condition in which there is an invasion and multiplication of germs (viruses, bacteria, fungi) on or within the body.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are primarily spread through sexual activity, including vaginal, anal, or oral sex. They are caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi, which can be passed from one person to another during sexual contact. Some common examples of STIs include:
1. Chlamydia: A bacterial infection that can affect both men and women. It often has no symptoms but can lead to complications such as infertility if left untreated.
2. Gonorrhea: This is a bacterial infection that can infect the genital area, rectum, joints, eyes, and throat. It can cause symptoms like discharge of pus, pain during urination, and in women, pelvic pain.
3. Syphilis: Caused by a bacterium, syphilis progresses through stages and can cause a range of symptoms, including painless sores, rashes, and fever, and even affect the heart and brain if untreated.
4. Human papillomavirus (HPV): A viral infection that can cause genital warts (small, fleshy bumps) and increase the risk of certain cancers, such as cervical, anal, and throat cancer.
5. Genital herpes: Caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), genital herpes causes painful blisters or sores in the genital area and can recur periodically.
6. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding.
It is important to note that STIs can vary in terms of symptoms and severity. Some may be easily treated with antibiotics or antiviral medications, while others may have lifelong consequences. Practicing safe sex, avoiding multiple sexual partnerships, using barrier methods like condoms, and getting tested regularly can help reduce the risk and spread of STIs.
Each of the above diseases shall be covered in detail subsequently.
Author: Dr. Yeibake, Weriwoyingipre Silver.
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