PARKINSON'S DISEASE: WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW. | Dr. Yeibake Weriwoyingipre Silver

Friday, March 11th 2025, was World Parkinson's Day. Here is what you need to know about this important yet incurable brain illness.

Parkinson's disease is a neurological condition that impairs movement. It occurs as a result of the breakdown and death of specific brain nerve cells that generate the neurotransmitter (nerve chemical) "dopamine," an important contributor to normal brain function that affects movement (motor), sleeping, thinking, and even emotions. 

When dopamine levels are low, people struggle with walking, balancing, and even speaking. Dopamine is crucial because it helps regulate movements.

The major motor effects include hand tremors (shaking while at rest), shuffling walk (gait), slowness of movement, stiffness of the body, and balance issues, increasing the risk for falls. The non-motor effects include mood swings, sleep problems, trouble with memory, and making decisions.

Currently, the cause of Parkinson's disease is not well understood. However, current evidence supports the theory that it is a consequence of interaction between genetics and environmental factors. The risk factors include advancing age, male gender, family history and genetics, exposure to agricultural chemicals like Agent Orange, exposure to heavy metals, and repeated head trauma.

Diagnosis of the disease is based on history and physical examination findings. No specific test for the disease exists. 

Even though it has no cure, a combination of physical, employed to psychological and drug therapy and in certain cases, surgery are used to manage the condition. This is aimed at arresting or slowing disease progression, preventing disabilities and improving the quality of life of patients. 

Persons with symptoms suggestive of any impairment in nerve function should visit the nearest medical facility for further evaluation and treatment, if necessary. 

Dr. Yeibake Weriwoyingipre Silver