6 THINGS YOU PROBABLY DIDN'T KNOW ABOUT PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE- A must read

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a condition that affects the stomach and first part of the small intestine. 

It is characterized by open sores(wounds), known as "ulcers," that form in the lining of these organs. 

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) affects four million people worldwide annually and has an estimated lifetime occurrence of 5−10% in the general population. Its frequency is reducing among young males and increasing in older females. 

The most common cause of PUD is a bacterial infection called "Helicobacter pylori" (H. pylori), but it can also be caused by long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Aspirin, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Puroxicam, or excessive acid production in the stomach in some disease conditions.

The risk factors include alcohol abuse, smoking, prolonged use or use of high doses of NSAIDs, misuse of steroids such as Prednisolone and Dexamethasone, and exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation. 

"Stress, carbonated soft drinks, and spicy foods do not cause ulcers but can make them worse."

Symptoms of PUD can vary from person to person, but they commonly include:

1. Burning or gnawing abdominal pain, usually in the upper middle part of the abdomen.

2. Feeling full and bloated after eating.

3. Nausea or vomiting.

4. Loss of appetite.

5. Weight loss.

6. Dark or black stools (indicating gastrointestinal bleeding).

If  a person has symptoms suggestive of PUD, it is important to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis. 

A healthcare provider will take relevant history, perform a physical examination, and may recommend tests such as an upper endoscopy, a breath test for H. pylori, or blood tests.

Treatment for PUD typically involves a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. Medications may include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and antihistamines to reduce stomach acid production, antacids to neutralize already produced acid, and antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori.

Lifestyle changes may include avoiding NSAIDs, alcohol, and smoking, as well as managing stress levels and eating a healthy diet.

In severe cases of PUD, complications like bleeding, perforation (a hole in the stomach or intestine wall), or obstruction may occur. These require immediate medical attention and may lead to hospitalization or surgery.

"Please do understand that PUD, just like Malaria, is curable with appropriate and adequate treatment, and not a life-long diagnosis. However, it can recur as many times as possible as long as the patient keeps exposing himself/herself to the causative agents or keeps indulging in behaviours that can trigger and/or worsen its symptoms."

It is worth noting that while PUD can cause discomfort and complications, with proper treatment and management, most people can find relief from their symptoms and prevent recurrence.

 

It is important to follow the healthcare provider's advice and attend regular follow-up appointments to monitor the condition.

Author: Dr. Yeibake, Weriwoyingipre Silver"